On 6/30/11, mc090202888 Saba Naureen <mc090202888@vu.edu.pk> wrote:
> chalo ji theek hai tussan ghar pohanch ke reply kr dewaaey.........
>
> On Fri, Jul 1, 2011 at 1:54 AM, Mohammad Sajjad
> <ghulamemastan@gmail.com>wrote:
>
>> bus main adhay ghantay wich ghr pohnchanr ala akhri train hai aj 3
>> traina tabdeel karni pay gaeyan hen hin paron
>>
>> On 6/30/11, mc090202888 Saba Naureen <mc090202888@vu.edu.pk> wrote:
>> > am still waiting....... Sajjad para....
>> >
>> > On Fri, Jul 1, 2011 at 12:59 AM, Mohammad Sajjad
>> > <ghulamemastan@gmail.com>wrote:
>> >
>> >> sis goto insert and select chart
>> >>
>> >> On 6/30/11, mc080404722 Maria Shahzadi <mc080404722@vu.edu.pk> wrote:
>> >> > hi
>> >> > who is there plz tell me that how to make a chart in ms-word i
>> forgot..
>> >> plz
>> >> > tell me early..
>> >> >
>> >> > On Fri, Jul 1, 2011 at 12:22 AM, Mohammad Sajjad
>> >> > <ghulamemastan@gmail.com>wrote:
>> >> >
>> >> >> dekha mera nam hi kafi hai ab samajh i k samjhaon?
>> >> >>
>> >> >> On 6/30/11, mc090202888 Saba Naureen <mc090202888@vu.edu.pk> wrote:
>> >> >> > hmmmmmmmmm samajh aa gai pehle sawal ki.......
>> >> >> > how intelligent i am .........
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> > On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 11:39 PM, mc090202888 Saba Naureen <
>> >> >> > mc090202888@vu.edu.pk> wrote:
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> >> A computer system has a 36-bit virtual address space with a page
>> >> >> >> size
>> >> >> >> of
>> >> >> >> 8K, and 4 bytes per page table entry.
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> 1. How many pages are in the virtual address space?
>> >> >> >> 2. What is the maximum size of addressable physical memory in
>> >> >> >> this
>> >> >> >> system?
>> >> >> >> 3. If the average process size is 8GB, would you use a
>> one-level,
>> >> >> >> two-level, or three-level page table? Why?
>> >> >> >> 4. Compute the average size of a page table in question 3
>> above.
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> Solution:
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> 1. A 36 bit address can address 2^36 bytes in a byte
>> addressable
>> >> >> >> machine. Since the size of a page 8K bytes (2^13), the number
>> of
>> >> >> >> addressable
>> >> >> >> pages is 2^36 / >2^13 = 2^23
>> >> >> >> 2. With 4 byte entries in the page table we can reference 2^32
>> >> >> >> pages.
>> >> >> >> Since each page is 2^13 B long, the maximum addressable
>> physical
>> >> >> memory
>> >> >> >> size
>> >> >> >> is 2^32 * 2^13 = 2^45 B (assuming no protection bits are
>> >> >> >> used).
>> >> >> >> 3. 8 GB = 2^33 B
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> We need to analyze memory and time requirements of paging schemes
>> in
>> >> >> order
>> >> >> >> to make a decision. Average process size is considered in the
>> >> >> calculations
>> >> >> >> below.
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> *1 Level Paging*
>> >> >> >> Since we have 2^23 pages in each virtual address space, and we
>> >> >> >> use
>> 4
>> >> >> bytes
>> >> >> >> per page table entry, the size of the page table will be 2^23 *
>> 2^2
>> >> >> >> =
>> >> >> >> 2^25.
>> >> >> >> This is 1/256 of the process' own memory space, so it is quite
>> >> costly.
>> >> >> (32
>> >> >> >> MB)
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> *2 Level Paging*
>> >> >> >> The address would be divided up as 12 | 11 | 13 since we want
>> >> >> >> page
>> >> >> >> table
>> >> >> >> pages to fit into one page and we also want to divide the bits
>> >> roughly
>> >> >> >> equally.
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> Since the process' size is 8GB = 2^33 B, I assume what this means
>> is
>> >> >> that
>> >> >> >> the total size of all the distinct pages that the process
>> >> >> >> accesses
>> >> >> >> is
>> >> >> 2^33
>> >> >> >> B. Hence, this process accesses 2^33 / 2^13 = 2^20 pages. The
>> bottom
>> >> >> level
>> >> >> >> of the page table then holds 2^20 references. We know the size of
>> >> each
>> >> >> >> bottom level chunk of the page table is 2^11 entries. So we need
>> >> >> >> 2^20
>> >> /
>> >> >> >> 2^11
>> >> >> >> = 2^9 of those bottom level chunks.
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> The total size of the page table is then:
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> //size of the outer page table
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> //total size of the inner pages
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> 1 * 2^12 * 4
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> + 2^9 * 2^11 * 4
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> = 2^20 * ( 2^-6 + 4) ~4MB
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> *3 Level Paging*
>> >> >> >> For 3 level paging we can divide up the address as follows:
>> >> >> >> 8 | 8 | 7 | 13
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> Again using the same reasoning as above we need 2^20/2^7 = 2^13
>> >> >> >> level
>> >> 3
>> >> >> >> page table chunks. Each level 2 page table chunk references 2^8
>> >> >> >> level
>> >> 3
>> >> >> >> page
>> >> >> >> table chunks. So we need 2^13/2^8 = 2^5 level-2 tables. And, of
>> >> course,
>> >> >> >> one
>> >> >> >> level-1 table.
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> The total size of the page table is then:
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> //size of the outer page table
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> //total size of the level 2 tables
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> //total size of innermost tables
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> 1 * 2^8 * 4
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> 2^5 * 2^8 *4
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> 2^13 * 2^7 * 4
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> ~4MB
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> As easily seen, 2-level and 3-level paging require much less
>> >> >> >> space
>> >> then
>> >> >> >> level 1 paging scheme. And since our address space is not large
>> >> enough,
>> >> >> >> 3-level paging does not perform any better than 2 level paging.
>> Due
>> >> to
>> >> >> the
>> >> >> >> cost of memory accesses, choosing a 2 level paging scheme for
>> >> >> >> this
>> >> >> process
>> >> >> >> is much more logical.
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> 1. Calculations are done in answer no. 3
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >> On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 11:37 PM, mc090202888 Saba Naureen <
>> >> >> >> mc090202888@vu.edu.pk> wrote:
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >>> A computer system has a 32-bit virtual address space with a page
>> >> size
>> >> >> of
>> >> >> >>> 4K and 8
>> >> >> >>> bytes per page table entry.
>> >> >> >>> 1. How many pages can be in the virtual address space?
>> >> >> >>> 2. What is the maximum size of addressable physical memory in
>> this
>> >> >> >>> system?
>> >> >> >>>
>> >> >> >>> is question ki exact ulat example mili hai..... net se
>> >> >> >>>
>> >> >> >>>
>> >> >> >>> On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 11:33 PM, Mohammad Sajjad <
>> >> >> >>> ghulamemastan@gmail.com> wrote:
>> >> >> >>>
>> >> >> >>>> knsa hai swal ji?
>> >> >> >>>>
>> >> >> >>>> On 6/30/11, mc090202888 Saba Naureen <mc090202888@vu.edu.pk>
>> >> wrote:
>> >> >> >>>> > bhaiya assignment ke sawal hi nahi hal ho rahe..... kiya
>> >> >> >>>> > karan......
>> >> >> >>>> >
>> >> >> >>>> > On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 11:28 PM, Mohammad Sajjad
>> >> >> >>>> > <ghulamemastan@gmail.com>wrote:
>> >> >> >>>> >
>> >> >> >>>> >> yes what help u need?
>> >> >> >>>> >>
>> >> >> >>>> >> On 6/30/11, mc090202888 Saba Naureen <mc090202888@vu.edu.pk>
>> >> >> wrote:
>> >> >> >>>> >> > yar kisi ne is stupid assignment ko try kiya hai????
>> >> >> >>>> >> >
>> >> >> >>>> >> > --
>> >> >> >>>> >> > You received this message because you are subscribed to
>> >> >> >>>> >> > the
>> >> >> Google
>> >> >> >>>> >> > Groups
>> >> >> >>>> >> > "Vu and Company" group.
>> >> >> >>>> >> > To post to this group, send email to
>> >> >> >>>> vu-and-company@googlegroups.com.
>> >> >> >>>> >> > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
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>> >> >> >>>> >> > For more options, visit this group at
>> >> >> >>>> >> > http://groups.google.com/group/vu-and-company?hl=en.
>> >> >> >>>> >> >
>> >> >> >>>> >> >
>> >> >> >>>> >>
>> >> >> >>>> >>
>> >> >> >>>> >> --
>> >> >> >>>> >> ~Ghulam-e-Mastan~
>> >> >> >>>> >> الله محمد چار یار حاجی خواجہ قطب فرید
>> >> >> >>>> >> ( حق فرید یا فرید ( رحمتہ الله علیہ
>> >> >> >>>> >>
>> >> >> >>>> >> --
>> >> >> >>>> >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the
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>> >> >> >>>> Groups
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>> >> >> >>>> >> To post to this group, send email to
>> >> >> vu-and-company@googlegroups.com.
>> >> >> >>>> >> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
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>> >> >> >>>> >> For more options, visit this group at
>> >> >> >>>> >> http://groups.google.com/group/vu-and-company?hl=en.
>> >> >> >>>> >>
>> >> >> >>>> >>
>> >> >> >>>> >
>> >> >> >>>> > --
>> >> >> >>>> > You received this message because you are subscribed to the
>> >> Google
>> >> >> >>>> Groups
>> >> >> >>>> > "Vu and Company" group.
>> >> >> >>>> > To post to this group, send email to
>> >> >> vu-and-company@googlegroups.com.
>> >> >> >>>> > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
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>> >> >> >>>> > http://groups.google.com/group/vu-and-company?hl=en.
>> >> >> >>>> >
>> >> >> >>>> >
>> >> >> >>>>
>> >> >> >>>>
>> >> >> >>>> --
>> >> >> >>>> ~Ghulam-e-Mastan~
>> >> >> >>>> الله محمد چار یار حاجی خواجہ قطب فرید
>> >> >> >>>> ( حق فرید یا فرید ( رحمتہ الله علیہ
>> >> >> >>>>
>> >> >> >>>> --
>> >> >> >>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the
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>> >> >> >>>> "Vu and Company" group.
>> >> >> >>>> To post to this group, send email to
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>> >> >> >>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
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>> >> >> >>>> For more options, visit this group at
>> >> >> >>>> http://groups.google.com/group/vu-and-company?hl=en.
>> >> >> >>>>
>> >> >> >>>>
>> >> >> >>>
>> >> >> >>
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> > --
>> >> >> > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
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>> >> >> > To post to this group, send email to
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>> >> >> > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
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>> >> >> > For more options, visit this group at
>> >> >> > http://groups.google.com/group/vu-and-company?hl=en.
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> >
>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> >> >> --
>> >> >> ~Ghulam-e-Mastan~
>> >> >> الله محمد چار یار حاجی خواجہ قطب فرید
>> >> >> ( حق فرید یا فرید ( رحمتہ الله علیہ
>> >> >>
>> >> >> --
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>> .
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>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> >> >
>> >> > --
>> >> > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
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>> >> > To post to this group, send email to vu-and-company@googlegroups.com.
>> >> > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to
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>> >> > For more options, visit this group at
>> >> > http://groups.google.com/group/vu-and-company?hl=en.
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >>
>> >>
>> >> --
>> >> ~Ghulam-e-Mastan~
>> >> الله محمد چار یار حاجی خواجہ قطب فرید
>> >> ( حق فرید یا فرید ( رحمتہ الله علیہ
>> >>
>> >> --
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>> >>
>> >>
>> >
>> > --
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>> >
>> >
>>
>>
>> --
>> ~Ghulam-e-Mastan~
>> الله محمد چار یار حاجی خواجہ قطب فرید
>> ( حق فرید یا فرید ( رحمتہ الله علیہ
>>
>> --
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>>
>>
>
> --
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>
>
--
~Ghulam-e-Mastan~
الله محمد چار یار حاجی خواجہ قطب فرید
( حق فرید یا فرید ( رحمتہ الله علیہ
--
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