English 201
Subjective Question
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 2 )
What is formal document?
A document that is written in formal style and uses formal language is called a formal
document such as circulars, business letters and CVs etc.
Question No: 2 ( Marks: 2 )
Explain the term ‘Abstract’.
Answer: Abstracts are condensation of entire reports, focusing on the main issues: what was
done, what was found out, and its significance. Abstracts are self-sufficient. The procedure
for many companies is to take the abstract from the analysis report, copy it a number of
times, circulate it to readers, and allow readers to order the full report if they feel like they
need the information.
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 2 )
What is the goal of Content Listening?
The goal of content listening is to understand and retain information that is delivered by a
speaker. Moreover, your job is to identify the key points of the message.
Question No: 4 ( Marks: 3 )
What is an “Empirical Research Report”?
Superstructure for Empirical research Reports: To answer the readers typical questions
about empirical research reports, writers use a substructure that has the following elements.
• Introduction • Objectives of research • Methods Results • Discussion • Conclusions •
Recommendation
Question No: 5 ( Marks: 3 )
Why Background information is added to Instructions?
Question No: 6 ( Marks: 3 )
What do you know about Task-facilitating roles in meeting?
Task facilitating roles’ as the name shows make the meeting process well planned and
smooth.
‘Task facilitating roles’ in meeting include the following:
•
Initiating: getting the group started on a line of inquiry.
•
Information giving or seeking: offering (or seeking) information relevant to questions
facing the group.
•
Coordinating: showing relationships among ideas, clarifying issues, summarizing
what the group has done.
•
Procedure setting: suggesting decision-making procedures that will move the group
toward the goal.
Question No: 7 ( Marks: 5 )
Explain the terms ‘Chronology’ and ‘Spatially’.
Answer: When investigating a chain of events, organize the study according to what
happened in January, what happened in February and so on.
Spatially If you are studying a physical object, study it left to right, top to bottom, inside to
outside.
Question No: 8 ( Marks: 5 )
How can you make your document error free?
Question No: 9 ( Marks: 2 )
What are Analytical assignments?
These assignments are written to analyze any problems such as why a company is having
problems in hiring secretaries, low wage, location of office etc.
Question No: 10 ( Marks: 2 )
What is the disadvantage of close-ended questions?
The close-ended questions require yes or no answers. Questioner does not receive full
response but just a short response.
Question No: 11 ( Marks: 2 )
Elaborate a few sources of Writer’s Block.
Few sources are lack of information, lack of confidence, not having a well defined objective.
Question No: 12 ( Marks: 3 )
Explain the term Budget Statement.
A budget statement is a table that shows how money will be gained or spent. It may be very simple or
very elaborate depending on your reader’s needs. On the job, you can use budget statements in the
following situations:
• To explain the expenses involved with a project purchase
• To summarize the savings to be realized by following a recommendation you are making
• To report the costs that have been incurred by a project for which you have responsibility
• To explain the sources of revenue associated with some project or activity.
Question No: 13 ( Marks: 3 )
How can visual aids be helpful in oral presentation?
Visual aids help in delivering the speeches and to accommodate audience’s questions and
help audiences in understanding the purpose of the presentation.
Question No: 14 ( Marks: 3 )
Describe how an organization produces formal reports.
Formal reports usually include:
Research work, collecting ideas, visual aids, writing the material and formatting
Question No: 15 ( Marks: 5 )
How Fog Index should be used? Explain with examples.
Question No: 16 ( Marks: 5 )
What are the Functions and Contents of a Progress Report?
Superstructure for Progress Reports To answer your readers’ questions, you can use the
conventional superstructure for writing progress reports, which has the following elements:
1. Introduction 2. Facts 3. Discussion 4. Conclusions 5. Recommendations In the
introduction to a progress report, you should answer the following two questions: 1. “What
work does your report cover?” 2. “What is the purpose of the work?”
Question No: 17 ( Marks: 2 )
What is the difference between Alphanumeric and Decimal System?
Decimal system is a numbering system that uses ten digits, from 0 to 9, arranged in a series of columns to represent all
numerical quantities. Each column or place value has a weighted value of 1, 10, 100, 1000, and so on, ranging from right to
left whereas alphanumeric system uses both letters and numbers and often other symbols (as punctuation marks and
mathematical symbols).
Question No: 19 ( Marks: 2 )
Define the term “Pagination”.
Pagination: Number the front matter in italic lowercase roman numerals (i, ii, iii, iv, and so
on). Normally, number the pages in the body of the document with Arabic numerals, starting
with page 1. Numbers sequentially through page n at the end of the text, including all back
matter.
Question No: 18 ( Marks: 2 )
Define the term Syllable.
A syllable is a basic unit of written and spoken language. It is a unit consisting of uninterrupted sound that can be used to
make up words.
For example, the word hotel has two syllables: ho and tel.
Question No: 20 ( Marks: 3 )
Why do we use Semicolons?
Semicolons: • Use semicolons to join two independent clauses or to separate parts of a
sentence that have commas in them. • To Join Two Independent Clauses • The system has
three beam launchers; two are in the two-tube combiner, and one is in the OP receiver. • To
Separate Sentence Elements with Commas Italicize titles of journals, books, newsletters, and
manuals; letters, words, terms, and equation symbols; foreign words; and names of specific
vessels.
Question No: 21 ( Marks: 3 )
Explain ‘Title fly and Title Page’.
Title fly and Title Page: The title fly is a plane sheet with only the title of the report on it.
The title report includes four blocks of information: The title of the report The name, title and
address of the person that authorized the report The name, title and address of the person that
prepared the report The date on which the report was submitted
Question No: 22 ( Marks: 3 )
What do you know about Hardware Functional Specifications?
Hardware functional specifications as a rule contain the following:
• Functional description • Configuration specification • Electrical description • Physical
characteristics • Standards • Environmental requirements • Diagnostic requirements • Power
requirements • Cost target • Maintenance cost target • Resource requirements •
Documentation • Risks
Question No: 23 ( Marks: 5 )
How Formal Speeches and Presentations can be developed?
Developing formal speeches and presentations Developing a major speech or presentation
is much like writing a formal report, with one nique to an oral communication channel. This
is both an opportunity and a challenge. The opportunity lies in the interaction that’s possible
between you and the audience.
Question No: 24 ( Marks: 5 )
What is Conventional Superstructure for Instructions and why is it important in
Technical English?
Conventional Superstructure for Instructions The conventional superstructure for
instructions contains five elements • Introduction • Description of the equipment (if the
instructions are for running a piece of equipment) • Theory of operations • Lists of material
and equipment • Guide to trouble shooting The simplest instructions contain only directions.
Most complex instructions contain some or all of the other five elements, the selection
depending upon the aims of the writer and the needs of the readers. Many instructions also
contain elements found in longer communications such as reports and proposals. Among
these elements are cover, title page, table of contents, appendixes, list of references, glossary,
list of symbols and index. Because these elements are not particular to instructions,
Question No: 25 ( Marks: 10 )
Write a detailed note on Delivering the Speech.
Delivering the speech When its time to deliver the speech, you may feel a bit of stage fright.
Most people do even professional actors. A good way to overcome your fears is to rehearse
until you’re thoroughly familiar with your material. Communication professionals have
suggested other tips, which we will now go over: Prepare more material than necessary.
Extra knowledge, combined with a genuine interest in the topic, will boost your confidence.
Think positively about your audience, yourself, and what you have to say. See yourself as
polished and professional, and your audience will too. Be realistic about stage fright. After
all, even experienced speakers admit that they feel butterflies before the y address an
audience. Tell yourself you’re ready. Use the few minutes while you’re arranging your
materials, before you actually begin speaking, to tell yourself you’re on and you’re ready.
Before you begin speaking, take a few deep breaths. It will help you calm down and improve
your delivery. Have your first sentence memorized. Having your opening on the tip of your
tongue helps you get started, and everything else starts falling into place. If your throat is dry,
drink some water. Tension often causes your mouth to become dry. It is best to have a few
sips of water before you begin.
Question 26:What are Proposals?
In a proposal, identify a specific problem and state how you will solve that problem. Most
organizations rely on successful proposal writing for their continued existence. You will
most likely spend a major part of your professional life writing proposals
Proposal Structure: • Front matter • Body • Introduction • Technical approach •
Management requirements • Work plan • End matter
Question No: 27 ( Marks: 2 )
What is meant by Organizational Logic?
Organizational logic is the single most important issue in writing a report or article about
technology. it is the first thing a person needs to look for when editing document. The ideas
in a report or article should be interrelated--seamlessly. They should form a sequence of
information that will appear to be predictable or inevitable to readers. In other words, a topic
or an idea should anticipate topics or ideas that follow it. As I have said before, a document
should have no surprises and no areas of confusion that the readers have to puzzle out for
themselves. Edgar Allan Poe, referring to the writing of short stories, gave some advice to
writers which we can very well borrow for the writing of reports and articles about high
technology. He said that authors should include nothing that does not advance the topic
toward it inevitable end. Any thing else is tangent that readers will wander down with the
writer and become lost together.
Question No: 28 ( Marks: 2 )
What are the characteristics of a good interviewer?
Asking yourself the following questions will help you prepare for interviews: What are
your respective roles? What does this person expect from you? Is it to your advantage to
confirm those expectations? will you be more likely to accomplish your objective by being
friendly and open or by conveying an impression of professional detachment? If you’re the
interviewer, responsibility for planning the session falls on you. On the simplest level, your
job is to schedule the interview and see that it’s held in a comfortable and convenient
location.
Good interviewers are good at collecting information, listening, and probing, so should
develop set of interview questions and decide on their sequence
Interview structure
Good interviews have an opening, a body, and a close. The opening establishes rapport an
orients the interviewee to the remainder of the session. You might begin by introducing
yourself, asking a few polite questions, and then explaining the purpose and ground rules of
the interview. At this point, you may want to clear the use of notes or a tape recorder with the
interviewee, especially if the subject is complex or if you plan to quote the interviewee in a
written document such as a business report. The questions in the body of the interview reflect
the nature of your relationship with the interview.
Question No: 29 ( Marks: 3 )
Write down the structure of Short Formal Report.
Memo The most common format for short informal reports within an organization. Memos
have four headings: To, From, Date and Subject.
Manuscript For a formal approach, manuscripts range from a few pages to several hundred
pages.
Establishing a Basic Structure:
Choice of a structure involves three decisions:
What to say?
Direct or indirect?
Topical or logical organization?
Question No: 30 ( Marks: 3 )
How can we make analysis report purposeful?
Analysis Reports: The important thing to remember is that no report format is perfect.
Company documentation standards attempt to resolve the issue by prescribing a format into
which all analysis reports are poured. Report design should be flexible enough to meet a
variety of writer purposes and audience needs.
Title page: A title page should be designed with visual order in mind. It should be balanced
from top to bottom and from left to right. It should provide enough information for readers to
be able to tell what the context of the report is and what the report is about.
Abstracts: Abstracts are condensation of entire reports, focusing on the main issues: what
was done, what was found out, and its significance. Abstracts are self-sufficient. The
procedure for many companies is to take the abstract from the analysis report, copy it a
number of times, circulate it to readers, and allow readers to order the full report if they feel
like they need the information
. Table of contents: The table of contents provides an outline of analysis reports for readers
who do not wish to read the entire report or flip through it looking for the section which
contains what they are looking for. It should be made up of headings and subheadings of the
report, word-for-word, with the accompanying page numbers.
List of symbols: This is an optional addition to the front matter of an analysis report. Include
it if you think the readers will need to have symbols defined. The same thing applies to the
inclusion of a glossary.
Introduction: This is the place for the three-part purpose statement introduction. It will
orient readers to the main issue of the report, to the technical issues or specifics which are
important to the report, and to what the report is intended to accomplish. Discussion: The
discussion contains an analysis of the technical issues important to the report. It supports the
main issue to the report by providing evidence and explanations. It should be subdivided into
topics, each with a subheading.
Conclusion: This section presents the results of the analysis, the evaluation of what was
presented in the discussion. Sometimes listing the conclusion is a good way to organize them.
It calls attention to the conclusion individually, but still enables writers to explain them as is
necessary.
Recommendations: Recommendations are optional, not all analysis reports have them.
Those reports that do have recommendations, tell the readers what to do with the information
provided in the report.
Appendix: Usually this would include derivations of equations, tables of raw data, sample
equations, and so forth. But the only way to be certain that what is placed in the appendix
belongs there is to assess it within the context of audience needs
Question No: 31 ( Marks: 3 )
Which phases are involved in decision making of a meeting?
Group decision making Groups usually reach their decision in a predictable pattern. The
process can be viewed as passing through four phases: Orientation phase Conflict phase
Emergence phase Reinforcement phase In the orientation phase, group members socialize,
establish their roles, and agree on their reason for meeting. In the conflict phase members
begin to discuss their positions on the problem.
If group members have been carefully selected to represent a variety of viewpoints and
expertise, disagreements are a natural part of this phase. At the end of this phase, group
members begin to settle on a single solution to the problem. In the emergence phase members
reach a decision. Those who advocated different solutions put aside their objection, either
because they’re convinced that the majority solution is better or because they recognize that
arguing is futile. Finally, in the reinforcement phase, group feeling is rebuilt and the solution
is summarized. Members receive their assignments for carrying out the group's decision and
make arrangements for the following up on these assignments.
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